The adequacy of the laboratory procedure for the definition of the level of concrete abrasion in standard astm c18 hydraulic structures was investigated in detail. Abrasive effects observed in concrete hydraulic surfaces. Even seemingly small moisture leaks in structures can cause major damage that disrupts lives and business operations. This study investigated two types of abrasion resistance of steelfiberreinforced concrete in hydraulic structures, friction abrasion and impact abrasion using the. Mar 08, 2021 abstract in hydraulic structures, abrasion resistance can be a significant driver in concrete specification. This paper presents the results of examinations of nine hsc modified with steel fiber, pvc fiber and latex. This paper presents the results of the examinations of abrasive wear of the nine types of highstrength concrete hsc with compressive strength of 75. Effect of hydraulic parameters on abrasion erosion of. Abrasion resistance of concrete has been researched in accordance with the standard astm c 18 and bohme din 52108 methods.
Mechanisms of surface wear in hydraulic structures of concrete. Similarly, the underwater method according to astm c 18 6 was employed to evaluate the abrasion resistance of alkaliactivated slag cement concrete 17, concrete containing marginal aggregates 18, high strength concrete hsc 19 and influence of class f fly ash as partial replacement for cement in hsc in hydraulic structures 3. Hossain abrasion resistance of highstrength concrete made with class c fly ash aci materials journal novdec 1995 649 659 3 aci committe 201 guide to durable concrete aci manual. Standard test methods for determination of abrasion resistance of.
As a part of the comnprehensive test program, the abrasion erosion resistance of frc was evaluated and is presented herein. Proceedings of the institution of civil engineers maritime engineering, volume 168, issue 4, 1 dec 2015 157161. Abrasion resistance of highstrength concrete in hydraulic. The abrasion resistance of concrete depends upon the paste hardness, aggregate hardness and the bonding between paste and aggregate. Similarly, in industrial buildings, the concrete floors are subjected to impact load and scratching effects. Referring to the massive size of hydraulic structures and the. Abrasion behavior of steelfiberreinforced concrete in hydraulic. Testing of concrete abrasion resistance in hydraulic structures on the lower sava river 247 gates, which is achieved at 2,500 m3s. This study investigated two types of abrasion resistance of steelfiberreinforced concrete in hydraulic structures, friction abrasion and impact abrasion using the astm c18 underwater test and the waterborne sand test, respectively. Pdf abrasion resistance of concrete in hydraulic structures. For the examinations of the abrasive resistance of hsc, the astm c 18 standard test method for abrasion resistance of concrete method was selected. The manual contains provisions for design of structures that are satisfactory for both serviceability and ultimate strength. Effect of fire flame exposure on the flexural strength of concrete 9. The state of the art saltation abrasion model from sklar and.
Pdf testing of concrete abrasion resistance in hydraulic. Hydraulic structures play an important role in regulation and transport of water in reservoirs as. Astms cement and concrete standards are instrumental in the evaluation and testing of concrete, cement, and aggregates. Cunningham, brian farrington, andrew doherty source. Standard specification for epoxyresinbase bonding systems for concrete. This report deals with three major aspects of such concrete erosion. References 1 astm c418 2005, standard test method for abrasion resistance of concrete by sandblasting, astm international, west conshohocken, 4pp. Pdf abrasion resistance of concrete design, construction. Oct 10, 2019 hydraulic structures play an important role in regulation and transport of water in reservoirs and open channels. Abrasion resistance of concrete in hydraulic structures. Flow,vopar cavitiesvapor cavities a offset into flow 8. The state of the art saltationabrasion model from sklar and. Other types of concrete deterioration are outside the scope of this report.
For contractors, architects and engineers, moisture issues can cause costly callbacks, damaged reputations and strained relationships. Basalt microfibres represent a potentially sustainable construction product and have been shown to provide various benefits in concrete, however the implications for hydro dynamic abrasion resistance are to date unclear. Abrasion on concrete surfaces caused by hydraulic loading. This paper contains the results of studies on the abrasive resistance of hsc in dependency of the compression strength, modulus of elasticity, fiber material and dimensions. Test method for abrasion resistance of concrete by sand blasting. Abrasion of concrete hydraulic structures surfaces by waterborne.
The steel fibers are used in hydraulic structures, airport and highway paving and overlays, industrial floors, slab on grade, bridge decks, in shortcrete. Because of such operation regime, the exposed parts of spillways, where abrasive erosion is. Examples of such structures include concrete spillways, stilling basins, flumes, weirs, dam, and culverts. Apr 01, 2004 1 introductionabrasion wear of concrete in hydraulic structures is mainly caused by rubble dragged by flowing water. The highstrength concrete hsc with high abrasion resistance are more frequently used for repairing of the hydrotechnic constructions damaged by the water mixed with rock waste such as stilling basins and overfalls. Effects due to changes in temperature and to shrinkage and creep of the concrete, and the possibility of damage resulting from overloading, local damage, abrasion, vibration, frost, chemical attack, and similar causes may also have to be considered. Measurement of abrasion on concrete surfaces with 3d. Numerical models for degradation of concrete in hydraulic structures. Abrasive effects observed in concrete hydraulic surfaces of.
Offset away from flowflapor cavities,vopor cavities. Fiberreinforced concrete is widely used in spillways, tunnel lining, and maintenance material of hydraulic structures. Abrasion resistance of concrete has been researched in accordance with the standard astm c 18 and. To better understand concrete abrasion in hydraulic structures, an experimental investigation was conducted to study the underwater frictional abrasion of selfcompacting concrete scc using the. An automatic sand mixing device was invented for highpressure and highspeed flow based on the characteristics of venturi cavitation generator and hydraulic bernoulli principle. A proposed method for predicting cement strength within 12 hours 8. The use of silica fume improved abrasion resistance compared to conventional concrete. Under such conditions the transport of coarse grains is expected. This project focused on the abrasion resistance of concrete railway crossties. Hsc are also used for new hydrotechnic constructions and concrete surfaces. Testing of concrete abrasion resistance in hydraulic structures on the lower sava river. References 1 aci committe 210 erosion of concrete in hydraulic structures, a 210 r87 aci materials journal marchapril 1987 6 157 2 r.
The coarse aggregate type employed in the study was crushed granite. Hydraulic structures dam reinforcement ductal uhpc. Structures such as concrete highways, pedestrian walk pavements. Jun 11, 2020 the abrasion resistance of concrete is mainly related to the compression strength, but not all concrete admixes used to improve its strength result in higher abrasion resistance. Compressive strength and abrasion resistance of concretes. Effect of hydraulic parameters on abrasion erosion of fiber. Concrete grade in excess of 60 nmm2 is required to resist abrasion beyond 200. The astm c18astm 2012 test method was originally developed by liu in 1980 for measuring the abrasion resistance of a concrete surface subjected to. Abrasion on concr ete surfaces caused by hydraulic loading with waterborne sands mohammad sabbir hasan hydraulic structures play an important role in regulation and transport of water in reservoirs as. Ideal for protecting hydraulic structures against flood abrasion and impact damage, a simple coating of ductal uhpc solution. Under the impact of water flow, the concrete surfaces suffer inevitably from abrasive erosion.
Important in pavements, loading platforms, oors, etc. Concrete can have different properties depending upon the mixture that is used in creating it, which contains cement, chemical admixtures, and aggregates. Types of admixtures for concrete the concrete network. Properties of concrete containing cement kiln dust as a partial replacement of cement. Damage of concrete structures caused by the abrasion process is very severe and indicate the necessity of taking into account the influence of this process while designing concrete mixtures and building constructions. Abrasion resistance of steel and flax fiber reinforced concrete 10. Experimental study on the mechanism of the combined action of. Standard test method for abrasion resistance of concrete. The purpose of this study is to comparatively evaluate the wear resistance of concretes under abrasion rates. Abrasion resistance of concrete microreinforced with. The model of abrasive wear of concrete in hydraulic structures. Abrasion of concrete portal on deterioration of rc structures.
Data on the abrasion resistance of concrete is needed to determine appropriate mixture proportions in order to make abrasion resistant concrete. Feb 01, 2012 abrasiveerosive protection of the hydraulic structures made of concrete requires durable concrete mixtures resistant to abrasionerosion. Pore structure permeability and penetration resistance characteristics of concrete. Hydraulic abrasionresistant elastic epoxy resin materials. Effect of polypropylene fibers on the abrasion resistance of. Examples of such structures include concrete spillways, stilling basins, fl. The research work was based on a comparison between laboratory results. Silica fume can be used in concrete to produce compressive strengths approaching 20,000 psi under jobsite conditions. Compressive strength and abrasion resistance of concretes under. In this paper, the phenomenon of concrete abrasion in hydraulic structures, which is caused by the abrasion process resulting from the sediment carried by water, is analyzed. Abrasive effects observed in concrete hydraulic surfaces of dams and application of repair materials, abrasion resistance of materials, dr marcin adamiak ed. As a dam owner, engineer or contractor when you look to reinforce or upgrade a dams structure, you want to do so knowing youre using an efficient solution that will guarantee longterm durability and resistance.
The highstrength concrete hsc with high abrasion resistance are more frequently used for repairing of the hydrotechnic constructions damaged by the water. Concrete has been widely used in pavements and buildings, and it is necessary to increase its hardness in order to resist deformation, penetration, and abrasion for these applications. Testing of concrete abrasion resistance in hydraulic. Five concrete mix proportions of a fixed watercement ratio of 0. Part 1 discusses the three major causes of concrete erosion in hydraulic structures.
Concrete erosion in hydraulic structures occurs due to cavitation. Significance of tests and properties of concrete and. This report outlines the causes, control, maintenance, and repair of erosion in hydraulic structures. Experimental study on the mechanism of the combined action. The concrete had, after 28 days, compressive strength of until 79mpa. Abstract in this paper, the phenomenon of concrete abrasion in hydraulic structures, which is caused by the abrasion process resulting from the sediment carried by water, is analyzed. The following measures increase the durability of reinforced concrete culverts. Pdf saltationabrasion model for hydraulic structures. Design parameters, materials selection and quality,environmental factors, and other issues affecting the performance of concrete are discussed. Important to strength and durability of all types of structures aggregates must not be reactive with cement alkalies.
Abrasion resistance of highstrength concrete in hydraulic structures. Nov 03, 2020 applications include highstrength structural columns, less permeable parking garage decks, and abrasion resistant hydraulic structures. Jul 01, 2005 the highstrength concrete hsc with high abrasion resistance are more frequently used for repairing of the hydrotechnic constructions damaged by the water mixed with rock waste such as stilling basins and overfalls. In order to develop concrete for high abrasion resistance, it is desirable to use hard surface material, aggregate, and paste having low porosity and high strength 2. The abrasion erosion tests on fiber reinforced concrete with different hydraulic parameters, including water jet velocity, distance from the impact point, and the angel of jet impact are run. The research work was based on a comparison between laboratory results and measurements of abrasion resistance of concrete under natural conditions by performing test plots in the stilling basin of the vrhovo hpp. Concrete of hydraulic structures is constantly exposed to abrasion, that is, surface erosion caused by the impacts of solid particles borne by water and by the action of hydraulic forces on concrete. Liu et al impact abrasion of hydraulic structures concrete 255 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 impact abrasion rate gh wcm 0. Ordinarily, concrete in properly designed, constructed. The information provided herein is intended to emphasize the importance and versatility of rcc as both a material and a construction method. Standard test method for abrasion resistance of concrete by sandblasting. In recent days, many additives and fibers can be used with concrete in hydraulic structures to enhance the abrasion resistance.
Effects of bottom ash and granulated blast furnace slag as fine. Abrasive effects observed in concrete hydraulic surfaces of dams. Standard test methods for determination of abrasion. Measurement of abrasion on concrete surfaces with 3d scanning. Jul 01, 2020 reinforced concrete pipe can be affected by abrasive flows or acids, chlorides and sulfate in the soil and water. Preventing hydraulic structures from abrasive concrete erosion 2001 in industrial countries annual costs due to abrasion of concrete surfaces of channels, conduits, weir structures or bottom outlets of high dams might be extremely high. Important to strength and durability of all types of structures aggregates must not. Use of crushed rock in developing abrasion resistant concrete. Standards referencing this book show below hide below. Because of such operation regime, the exposed parts of spillways, where abrasive erosion is to be expected.
Preventing hydraulic structures from abrasive concrete. The choice of testing methodology of concrete resistance to abrasive wear is very important. Abrasion resistance is the ability to withstand loads without excessive wear or deterioration of the aggregate. Abrasion or abrasive erosion here is understood as a surface erosion produced be water driven rigid particles. Holland studied the abrasion resistance of concrete with 11 to 15% silica fume and watercement ratio wc ranging between 0. Abrasion of concrete portal on deterioration of rc. Abrasion resistance of concrete made with recycled aggregates. These primary influences may be accompanied by shearing forces and sometimes by torsion. One of the main problems that affect the durability of concrete in hydraulic structures is the abrasion wear. Dec 07, 2018 the worst effect of abrasion is caused by vehicle with studdedchain tyres. Andrej kryzanowski, matjaz mikos, jakob sustersic, and igor planinc. Increasing the compressive strength of the concrete, and the specific hardness of the aggregates, increases abrasion resistance. Mechanical behaviour of steel fiber reinforced concrete with stone. This study investigates the abrasion erosion resistance of concrete mixtures in which cement was partially replaced by four kinds of.
Abrasion rate versus impact angle for concrete made with wb 0. Abrasion performance of concrete in coastal structures authors. The derivation of an abrasion prediction model for concrete hydraulic structures valid in supercritical flows is presented herein. Ty jour au kryzanowski, andrej au mikos, matjaz au sustersic, jakob au ukrainczyk, velimir au planinc, igor py 20180628 ti testing of concrete abrasion resistance in hydraulic structures on the lower sava river jf strojniski vestnik journal of mechanical engineering. The abrasion action on the surfaces of the structures where water and waterborne. Pdf abrasive effects observed in concrete hydraulic surfaces of. This manual covers requirements for design of reinforced concrete hydraulic structures by the strength design method. An attempt has been made to develop a high strength abrasion resistant concrete a 20 m 60 using crushed rock quartzite as fine aggregate, which has been successfully used to prepare the top layer of barrage floor of vishnu prayag hydroelectric project located in chamoli district of uttarakhand state. A total of concrete mixtures using 4 different types of steel fibers. The hsc with added pvc fiber showed improvement in this area.
Dec 23, 2019 a new experimental method on simulating the combined action of cavitation erosion and abrasion was proposed to investigate the erosion mechanism of overflow structure induced by the said processes. The main purpose of the research work was to define the possibility of forecasting the process of concrete lining wear on the sava river dam structures based on. Design and construction considerations for hydraulic structures. Abrasion resistant concrete the american concrete institute report aci 210r93 erosion of concrete in hydraulic structures is an excellent reference that discusses the causes, control, maintenance and repair of erosion in. This procedure simulates the abrasive action of waterborne particles silt, sand, gravel, and other solids. Effect of polypropylene fibers on the abrasion resistance. C1747c1747m standard test method for determining potential resistance to degradation of pervious concrete by impact and abrasion c1753c1753m15e1 standard practice for evaluating early hydration of hydraulic cementitious mixtures using thermal measurements.
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